Advanced Materials

14:15 - 15:00 Monday 22 September | Plenary Session 2: Advanced Materials
David A. Vroom, PhD: Formerly Director of R&D Raychem/Tyco - Consultant in Radiation Processing, USA | The development of materials suitable for radiation processing is a complex process that involves understanding customer requirements, product design, manufacturing processes, regulatory issues and the individual and synergistic effects of radiation on all components of the material. New products are generally smaller, greener and more robust than earlier versions.

8:30 - 10:30 Tuesday 23 September
Chair: Joachim Gehring - BGS,Germany

8:40 - 9:00 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 1: New Applications
Lewis Parks, Sterigenics Advanced Applications, USA | Long chain branching (LCB) was induced on carefully selected grades of high density and linear low density polyethylenes by electron beam irradiation under ambient conditions at controlled, relatively low radiation doses. Although there was little or no crosslinking, the molecular weight distribution became wider after irradiation. The melt flow index of these polymers decreased significantly with increasing radiation dose.

9:00 - 9:20 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 1: New Applications
Richard Galloway, IBA Industrial,USA | Carbon fiber reinforced composites were cured in molds using X-rays derived from a high current electron beam. X-rays could penetrate the mold walls as well as the fiber reinforcements and polymerize a matrix system. Matrix materials made from modified epoxy-acrylates were tailored to suitably low viscosity so that fiber wetting and adhesion could be attained.

9:20 - 9:40 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 1: New Applications
Jennifer K. Lynch, Rutgers University, USA | Electron beam processing is used to reduce time-dependent creep properties of HDPE and filled HDPE composites. Three materials systems are investigated, including neat HDPE, 30/70 % Magnesium Hydroxide/HDPE, and 30/70 % Polypropylene coated fiberglass/HDPE, and are processed using injection molding methods.

9:40 - 10:00 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 1: New Applications
Phil-Hyun Kang, KAERI, Korea | Aromatic polymers are used for heat resistant materials and are expected to be used under severe conditions such as those in space. So the radiation resistance of aromatic polymers was studied by ion irradiation. Polyimides were extensively studied and reported having excellent resistivity for gamma rays and electron beam irradiation. In this study, electron beam irradiation effects on the dynamic mechanical properties of polyimide were investigated.

11:00 - 12:30 Tuesday 23 September
Chair: Joern Meissner - Meissner Consulting GmbH, Germany

11:05 - 11:25 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 2: Facilities Processing and Equipment
Josef Mittendorfer, Mediscan GmbH&CoKG, Austria | In this paper recent advances in material qualification for industrial irradiation applications like medical device sterilisation and advanced material processing are reviewed. The paper summarizes the requirements or applicable standards like ISO 11137 and gives an overview of recent literature and guidance literature.

11:25 - 11:45 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 2: Facilities Processing and Equipment
Neil Witten, Zotefoams plc, UK | Zotefoams plc is the worlds leading manufacturer of low density, closed-cell crosslinked block foams and is recognised globally for producing the highest performance polyolefin foams. In recent years, the company has developed a new generation of low density crosslinked foams based on materials where foaming to low densities has traditionally been an insurmountable technical challenge.

11:50 - 12:00 Tuesday September 23 | Advanced Materials 2: Facilities Processing and Equipment
Jean‐Louis Bol | The Rhodotron is a widely employed high‐power industrial accelerator developed and exclusively distributed by IBA. Most early examples of the accelerator were optimized to operate at 10 MeV. A new Rhodotron configuration recently advanced produces a lower‐energy higher‐current beam dedicated for materials enhancement.

11:50 - 12:00 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 2: Facilities Processing and Equipment
Takashi Baba, NHV Corporation, Japan | Electron beam accelerator is used for material processing, medical device sterilization and other industrial applications, and it performs an essential function for some processing. In electron beam accelerator for these industrial applications energy range from several hundred keV to 10MeV and high beam current are required. Additionally high reliability, compactness and low cost are desired.

12:10 - 12:20 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 2: Facilities Processing and Equipment

Nicolay K Kuksanov, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Russia | The ELV electron accelerators are DC machines purposed for wide application in various technological processes. ELV accelerators are the most popular Russian accelerators. Over 110 accelerators are operating both inside Russia and abroad.

15:30 - 17:00 Tuesday 23 September
Chair: Piotr Ulanski - Technical University of Lódz, Poland

15:35 - 16:15 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 3: Medical & Speciality
Sophie Rouif, Ionisos, France | To obtain hydrogels, two methods can be used; the first one using a chemical cross linking agent. The second method is irradiation that induces combination of free radicals.
When hydrogels are used in biomedical applications, irradiation presents several advantages: direct sterilization of the product, synthesis of a pure product, uncontaminated with ballast materials or residual toxic initiators.

15:55 - 16:15 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 3: Medical & Speciality
Orhun K Muratoglu, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA | Highly crosslinked ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has become the bearing material of choice for total hip arthroplasty over the past decade and its use in total knees is increasing. Clinical follow-up studies are showing marked reduction in the wear of UHMWPE acetabular liners in comparison with conventional, inert gas gamma sterilized UHMWPE liners, corroborating the findings of the early in vitro hip simulator studies.

16:15 - 16:35 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 3: Medical & Speciality
Giovanni Marletta, University of Catania, Italy | The need for having a breakthrough in fields relevant to health and safety like biocompatible materials, bioelectronics devices, biosensors etc., is the driving force to develop new performant methods for the controlled modification of surfaces and bulk of materials. In particular, polymers represent the material of choice for most of the desired biological applications, due to their highly specific properties, including the dynamical behaviour in presence of external stimuli and the biomimetic mechanical properties.

16:35 - 16:55 Tuesday 23 September | Advanced Materials 3: Medical & Speciality
Xavier Coqueret, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, France | Cross-linking polymerization initiated by high energy radiation is a highly attractive technique for the fabrication of high performance composite materials. The method offers many advantages compared to conventional energy- and time-consuming thermal curing processes. Free radical and cationic polyaddition chemistries have been investigated in some details by various research groups along the last years.

13:30 - 15:00 Wednesday 24 September
Chair: Paul Minbiole - E-BEAM Services, Inc., USA

Six experts review technology advances around the world:

13:30 - 13:40 Wednesday 24 September | Advanced Materials 4: Worldwide Panel Review
Gerhard Gielenz - Radiation & Polymer Services, Switzerland | A brief survey on the European plastics production as well as materials demand by resin type and end use segments is given.

13:40 - 13:50 Wednesday 24 September | Advanced Materials 4: Worldwide Panel Review
Lewis Parks - Sterigenics Advanced Applications, USA | The following topics will be presented, with a short discussion: • E‐beam curing is replacing some UV curing.• The US FDA clears the use of certain acrylate monomers for radiation cured coatings and adhesives for direct contact with food....

13:50 - 14:00 Wednesday 24 September | Advanced Materials 4: Worldwide Panel Review
Guozhong Wu -  Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, China | Radiation processing has been widely applied in China mainland in food preservation and polymer processing. There are now a number of irradiation facilities for industrial use; most of them are installed in east and southeast China. According to the Chinese Association of Isotope and Radiation Processing, there are 132 Cobalt‐60 sources and 127 electron beam accelerators at the end of 2007.

14:00 - 14:10 Wednesday 24 September | Advanced Materials 4: Worldwide Panel Review
Fumio Yoshi, JAERI Japan | Three commercial products and two other products still under R&D stage, all processed by radiation technology, are reported. The products that will be introduced are hydrogel sheets irradiated by low energy accelerator as wound dressing, silicon carbide that can resist up to 1700oC and polytetrafluoroethylene crosslinked at molten state.

14:10 - 14:20 Wednesday 24 September | Advanced Materials 4: Worldwide Panel Review
V.K. Tikku - Cords Cable Industries Ltd.,India | This presentation will give an overview of the status of radiation processing in India as applied in the making of products involving advanced materials.

14:20 - 14:30 Wednesday 24 September | Advanced Materials 4: Worldwide Panel Review
Agnes Safrany - International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) | A brief review of the state of the art of radiation processing in the field of material sciences (including the number of irradiators, both gamma and electron accelerators) in the "Rest of the World" will be given. The "Rest of the World" will denote Africa, Part of Asia, Australia, the Middle East and South America.

Poster Sessions IMRP 2008 LondonTuesday 23 September 13:30 - 15:00
Poster Presenters will be allocated their Poster Space when they register at the Programme Registration Desk in the Hotel Lobby.

Ordered by Reference Number (Date Received).

 

Jiao, Zheng et. al., China | This paper provides a new method to product single-crystalline CdS nanorods. γ-irradiation play a key role in this process, which can accelerated formation of S2- under acidic condition (PH=3) and vinyl acetate (VAc) monomer formed pre-organized nano polymer tubules which were used as both templates and nanoreacters for the growth of CdS nanorods.

Hernández-Martínez, A. et. al., Mexico | The thermosensitive polymers have gained much attention because of their intelligent and reversible behavior in response to environmental stimuli, in particular to temperature variation. Dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA) has a low critical solution temperature (LCST) close to 40 °C and a critical pH around 5, poly (ethyleneglicol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEMA) can modified LCST to lower values.

Adem, E. et. al. Mexico | Hydrogels have been widely used because of their unique properties and versatile applications in medicine and biotechnology. However a serious limitation of hydrogels in many applications is the low mechanical strength of such gels when highly swollen.

D `Almeida, Maria Luiza Otero et. al., Brasil | Disinfection and sterilization by radiation is a common technique nowadays. Books and documents attacked by fungi and insects have also been treated by this process for disinfection.

ROCHA, R.M. et. al., Brazil | A process for the manufacture of SiOC ceramic foams has been for the first time developed through foaming of siloxane preceramic polymer with the electron beam radiation in air prior to the pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere. Poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMS) resin foams were obtained without additional foaming agent when exposed to accelerated electrons with radiation doses up to 9 MGy and dose rate of 2.8 kGy/s.

Hassanpour, S. Iran | Recycling of municipal plastic waste is often a difficult task due to the fact that this material is usually a mixture of several polymers, which makes processing more difficult and also limits the number of potential applications.

Auslender, V.L. Russia | At Budker INP SB RAS, a 5 MeV section for high-power industrial linear electron accelerator has been tested at full voltage. The accelerator operates at 176 MHz. The obtained beam pulsed power of 1.5 MW at the structure electron efficiency of 67% is close to the simulation value.

Shin, Junhwa et. al., Korea | In this study, several AgNPs were prepared in PVA solution containing various amounts of NaOAc by gamma-ray irradiation using 60Co source at various doses.

Poveda, Patricia Negrini Siqueiraet. al., Brazil | Biodegradable plastics and green plastics are the new tendency in the world. Effect of the electron beam irradiation on the tensile strength at break and elongation at break for films made of aromatic aliphatic copolyester and the blend with corn starch (Ecoflex® and Ecobras®) was reported.

Jeun, Joon-Pyo et.al. Korea | Epoxies have been used as matrices in reinforced composites, adhesives in the aerospace industry, and as surface coatings. However, the main drawback of epoxy resins is their inherent brittleness because of their highly crosslinked structure.

Kang, Phil-Hyun et. al., Korea | Silicon carbide (SiC) has important properties such as high intrinsic strength, stiffness and high temperature stability. Thus, it has been considered one of the most promising candidates for reinforcement. The use of preceramic polymers generates possibility of solving the intricacies involved to obtain new generation of ceramic materials.

J.W. Kim, et. al., Korea |  A new carbon material which has a unique surface property was made from Multi-Walled Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNTs) using a fluorination and defluorination by electron beam irradiation. Fluorinated MWCNTs were prepared to increase the dispersion and surface modification of CNTs for composite applications.

Lee, Young-Seak et. al., Korea | In this study, surface modificated MWCNT/Epoxy composite was prepared by photo-polymerization using electron beam. Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) was also used as epoxy resin.

Kodama, Yasko et. al., Brazil | The problem of non-biodegradable plastic waste remains a challenge due to its negative environmental impact. Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(-caprolactone) (PCL) have been receiving much attention lately due to their biodegradability in human body as well as in the soil, biocompatibility, environmentally friendly and non-toxicity characteristics.

Peng, Jing et. al, China | Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) /multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) nanocomposites were synthesized via an in-situ bulk polymerization of MMA induced by gamma rays. During the gamma-induced polymerization of MMA, the conversion and average molecular weight of PMMA decreased slightly with the increase of MWNT content.

Bardakhanov, S.P. et. al., Russia | The generation of nanopowders and investigation of its properties is important problem of modern science and technologies. Special attention is focused on development of high rate methods of nanopowders production. In the paper there was investigated the possibilities of production of different nanopowders by electron beam evaporation of raw materials (both artificial and natural) under atmospheric pressure with various gases.

Park, Jong seok et. al., Korea | The objective of our investigation is to determine the basic characteristics of the pores in battery separators. We founded the optimum conditions in drawn process according to the addition of the various quantity of nucleating agent(Millad 3988).

Sohn, Joon-Yong et. al., Korea | To realize a highly safe battery, the thermal stability improvement is one way to refine battery safety. A separator that doesn't shrink will improve battery safety because this separator can keep electronic insulation between two electrodes in case of unusual heat generation.

Youn, Jong-Kyu et. al, Korea | Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were prepared by gamma ray irradiation with various doses and dose rates. SEM, TEM, XRD, and PSA indicated the prepared particles had diameters of 10~50 nm with narrow size distribution (anatase form) and photocatalytic activity to eliminate airborne contaminants.

Chung, Byung Yeoup et. al., Korea | Kapok [Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.] fiber is originated in tropical India and it is found widespread in several plantations in Southeast Asia. Owing to homogeneous hollow tube shape and hydrophobicity, the usages of this fiber are various such as fiberfill in pillows, quilts, non-woven fabric for oil spill cleanup and so on.

Choi, Jae-Hak et. al., Korea | The cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) have been considered very promising in combining the good properties of the ceramics and the compatibility with organic compounds of the polymers. In this study, polymer/POSS nanocomposites were prepared by radiation processing.

Choi, Jae-Hak et. al., Korea | A new surface patterning method which can create biomolecular patterns via ion irradiation-induced graft polymerization has been developed in this study. Various polymer films were irradiated through a mask with high energy ions to activate the surface for grafting.

Dondi, D. et. al., Italy | It is well established that the presence of aromatic moieties onto the chains of polyethylene can have a efficient protection effect against the high energy radiation damages. Various types of energy transfer mechanisms between the aliphatic and the aromatic components can occur: charge and excitation transfer are believed to be the most important in polyethylene, particularly if they can take place in a more effective intramolecular process.

Dondi, D. et. al., Italy | The surface chemical modification of inorganic filler particles aimed at hindering their mutual aggregation thus improving their degree of dispersion in elastomeric matrices, is a well established procedure in the tyres processing technology. In this paper the use of gamma radiations was exploited for inducing the grafting of polybutadiene olygomers onto a silica based filler.

Cleland, Marshall et. al, USA | X-rays, derived from a high current electron beam, were found to in-situ polymerize a unique class of monomers, called a Wood-Polymer-Penetrant (WPP), that were found to enter the cell walls of impregnated wood. X-rays initiated an auto-catalytic acrylic polymerization and could also penetrate thick pieces of wood.

Parvin, P. et. al., Iran | In this work, poly allyl diglycol carbonate (CR-39) samples were irradiated with 10 MeV electrons at different doses ranging from 25 kGy to 250 kGy. The result showed that cross-linking process occurs at low absorbed doses, whereas polymer degradation happens at higher doses.

Jaleh, B. et. al. Iran | In this work, polycarbonate (PC) samples were irradiated with 10 MeV electrons at different doses from 50 kGy to 500 kGy. Another samples irradiated with 60Co up to about 500kGy.

Adem, E. et. al, Mexico | Hydrogels have been widely used because of their unique properties and versatile applications in medicine and biotechnology. However a serious limitation of hydrogels in many applications is the low mechanical strength of such gels when highly swollen.

MOURA, Esperidiana A.B. et. al., Brazil | Packaging materials have been widely processed by ionizing radiation in order to improve their chemical and physical properties and also for sterilization purposes. Basically, flexible packaging manufactures apply specific radiation doses to promote cross-linking and scission of the polymeric chains to improve certain material mechanical properties.

Jaleh, B. et. al., Iran | In this work, polycarbonate (PC) samples were irradiated with 10 MeV electrons at different doses from 50 kGy to 500 kGy. Another samples irradiated with 60Co up to about 500kGy.

Parvin, P. et. al., Iran | In this work, poly allyl diglycol carbonate (CR-39) samples were irradiated with 10 MeV electrons at different doses ranging from 25 kGy to 250 kGy.

Sáfrány, Ágnes et. al., Austria | Porous crosslinked polymers in a variety of shape and size, from spherical particles to monoliths are successfully being used in applications ranging from separation and purification, diagnostics, combinatorial chemistry to peptide synthesis.

Hongyan, Yu et. al., China | The demand for the proton exchange membrane (PEM) used as a key component of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), capable of withstanding temperatures > 100ºC and cost-competitive, has prompted this study. The PEM was prepared by radiation-induced grafting of styrene onto porous Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films using simultaneous irradiation followed by sulfonation reaction. Impregnation of nano-silica into PTFE matrix was carried out using sol-gel method in the radiation grafting process.

RZYBYTNIAK, GRAŻYNA et. al., Poland | The mutual radiation grafting of acrylic acid (AAc) onto polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) films was performed with gamma radiation. Contribution of the processes initiated by active sites situated in the matrices was estimated and compared with grafting induced by intermediates generated initially in the solution.

Sharp, R.E., United Kingdom | This presentation describes the use of a Tandem particle accelerator to expose candidate radioactive waste encapsulation materials to alpha radiation in order to assess their suitability for long term waste disposal.